Definition of HIV and AIDS

Definition of HIV and AIDS

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that damages the immune system, by infecting and destroying CD4 cells. The more CD4 cells are destroyed, the more immunity the body will become, the more vulnerable it will be to various diseases.

HIV infection that is not treated immediately will develop into a serious condition called AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome). AIDS is the final stage of infection with the HIV virus. At this stage, the body's ability to fight infection has completely disappeared.

Until now there is no cure for HIV and AIDS. However, there are drugs to slow the progression of the disease, and can increase the patient's life expectancy.

HIV type

The HIV virus is divided into 2 main types, namely HIV-1 and HIV-2. Each type is divided into several subtypes. In many cases, HIV infection is caused by HIV-1, 90% of which are HIV-1 M subtypes. While HIV-2 is known to affect only a small number of people, especially in West Africa.

HIV infection can be caused by more than 1 virus subtype, especially if someone is infected with more than 1 person. This condition is called superinfection. Although this condition only occurs in less than 4% of people with HIV, the risk of super infection is quite high in the first 3 years after infection.


HIV and AIDS in Indonesia

Based on data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health, in 201 there were more than 40 thousand cases of HIV infection in Indonesia. Of these, HIV most often occurs in heterosexuals, followed by male sex (MSM), and injection drug users (IDU). In the same year, more than 7,000 people suffered from AIDS, with more than 800 deaths.

The latest data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health shows that from January to November 2018 there were more than 10,000 reports of HIV infection, and no fewer than 650 AIDS cases in Indonesia.

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